What is AMA (11th ed.) citation style?
AMA is a numbered citation style used in medicine and the health sciences. Sources are numbered in the order first cited, and the same number is reused when that source appears again.
Key AMA (11th ed.) formatting rules
- Number sources in order of first appearance; do not alphabetize the reference list.
- Use superscript Arabic numbers for in-text references unless your instructor or journal specifies a local variation.
- For journal articles, include authors, article title, abbreviated journal title, year, volume, issue when needed, pages or article number, and DOI when available.
- Check imported names, dates, journal abbreviations, and locators against the source before submission.
Worked AMA (11th ed.) journal-article example
- Source metadata
- Journal article: Dawei Wang and 13 coauthors, “Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China,” JAMA 323(11), page 1061 (2020), DOI 10.1001/jama.2020.1585. Verify the source record.
- Reference-list entry
- 1. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020;323(11):1061. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585
- In-text citation
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Rendered with NeatCite’s bundled AMA CSL file. Typography may vary slightly after pasting into a word processor.
AMA (11th ed.) source-type checklist
The formatter can only use the fields supplied by the source record. Check these details before submitting your work.
| Source type | Fields to verify |
|---|---|
| Journal article | Author order, article title, NLM journal abbreviation, year, volume, issue, pages or article number, and DOI. |
| Book | Authors or editors, book title, edition, publisher, and publication year. |
| Book chapter | Chapter authors and title, editors, book title, publisher, year, and chapter page range. |
| Web page | Named author or organization, page title, site name, publication or update date, URL, and access date when required. |
| PDF or report | Cite the underlying report, article, or book—not the PDF file format—and include the issuing organization and report number when available. |
| Video | Creator or organization, video title, platform, publication date, URL, and access date when required. |
| Encyclopedia entry | Entry author and title, encyclopedia title, edition or update date, publisher, URL, and access date as applicable. |
Generate AMA citations by source type
Start with the kind of source you actually used. Each guide explains the fields to verify before you copy the AMA output.
How to cite in AMA (11th ed.) with NeatCite
- 1Keep AMA (11th ed.) selected in the generator above.
- 2Paste a DOI, PMID, ISBN, or web address—or use manual entry when an identifier is unavailable.
- 3Compare the imported authors, title, date, and publication details with the original source.
- 4Copy the formatted AMA (11th ed.) reference and in-text citation, or export the list to Word, BibTeX, or RIS.
How output is produced
- The AMA (11th ed.) rule file is bundled locally and rendered with the open citeproc-js engine.
- Identifier lookups can retrieve metadata from Crossref, PubMed, and Open Library; you can edit every field before copying.
- No account is required, and your citation list remains in your browser unless you export or clear it.
AMA (11th ed.) citation questions
Does AMA use footnotes or an author–date system?
AMA uses citation numbers tied to a numbered reference list, not an author–date reference system.
Can I paste a PMID?
Yes. NeatCite can retrieve available PubMed metadata from a PMID, and you can review every field before copying the citation.